Unit 40. Negatives: isn’t/ haven’t/ don’t etc.
(отрицательные предложения с вспомогательными глаголами be, have, do)
We use not (n't) in negative sentences:
positive → negative
am is are was were have has will would can could
should must
am not ('m not) is not (isn'tor's not) are not (aren'tor're not) was not (wasn't) were not (weren't) have not (haven't) has not (hasn't) will not (won't) would not (wouldn't) cannot (can't) could not (couldn't) should not (shouldn't) must not (mustn't)
I'm not tired. It isn't (or It's not) raining. They aren't (or They're not) here. Jack wasn't hungry. The shops weren't open. I haven't finished my work. Sue hasn't got a car. They won't be here tomorrow. I wouldn't like to be an actor. George can't drive. I couldn't sleep last night. You shouldn't work so hard. I mustn't forget to phone Ann.
Present Simple negative (See Unit 6.I don’t … (Present Simple negative) (отрицательные формы глаголов в простом настоящем времени)):
I/we/you/they do not (don't) he/she/it does not (doesn't)
+ infinitive (work/live/go etc.)
Past Simple negative (See Unit 10.I didn’t … Did you …? (Past Simple negative and questions)
(отрицательные и вопросительные предложения в простом прошедшем времени)):
I/they/he/she etc. did not (didn't) + infinitive
positive I smoke. They work hard. Tom plays the guitar. She likes her job.
I got up early. We worked hard. They saw the film. She had a bath.
→
negative I don't smoke. They don't work hard. Tom b the guitar. She doesn't like her job.
I didn't get up early. We didn't work hard. They didn't see the film. She didn't have a bath.
The negative of ‘Look!’, ‘Go away!’ etc. is ‘Don't… !’:
Look! Go away!
→
Don't look! Don't go away!
Do can also be the main verb (don't do / didn't do etc.):
positive Do it. He does a lot of work. I did the examination.
→
negative Don't do it. He doesn't do much work. I didn't do the examination.