Unit 21. Will/shall 1

Unit 21. Will/shall 1
(использование will/shall 1)

We use I'll (= I will) when we decide to do something at the time of speaking:

Oh, I've left the door open. I'll go and shut it.
"What would you like to drink?" "I'll have an orange juice, please."
"Did you phone Ruth?" "Oh no, I forgot. I'll phone her now."

You cannot use the Present Simple (I do /I go etc.) in these sentences:

I'll go and shut the door. (not I go and shut)

We often use I think I'll … and I don't think I'll …:

I feel a bit hungry. I think I'll have something to eat.
I don't think I'll go out tonight. I'm too tired.

In spoken English the negative of will is usually won't (= will not):

I can see you're busy, so I won't stay long.

Do not use will to talk about what you have already decided or arranged to do (see Unit 19. Present tenses (I am doing/ I do) for the future (использование настоящих времен для будущего).) and Unit 20. (I'm) doing to (do) (использование doing to do))):

I'm going on holiday next Saturday. (not I'll go)
Are you working tomorrow? (not will you work)

We often use will in these situations:

Offering to do something

That bag looks heavy. I'll help you with it. (not I help)

Agreeing to do something

A: You know that book I lent you. Can I have it back if you've finished with it?
B: Of course. I'll give it to you this afternoon. (not I give)

Promising to do something

Thanks for lending me the money. I'll pay you back on Friday. (not I pay)
I won't tell anyone what happened. I promise.

Asking somebody to do something (Will you …?)

Will you please be quiet? I'm trying to concentrate.
Will you shut the door, please?

You can use won't to say that somebody refuses to do something:

I've tried to advise her but she won't listen. (= she refuses to listen)
The car won't start. I wonder what's wrong with it. (= the car 'refuses' to start)

Shall I …? Shall we …?
Shall is used mostly in the questions shall I …? / shall we …?
We use shall I …? / shall we …? to ask somebody's opinion (especially in offers or suggestions):

Shall I open the window? (= do you want me to open the window?)
I've got no money. What shall I do? (= what do you suggest?)
"Shall we go?" "Just a minute. I'm not ready yet."
Where shall we go this evening?

Compare shall I …? and will you …?:

Shall I shut the door? (= do you want me to shut it?)
Will you shut the door? (= I want you to shut it)

See Unit 22. Will/shall 2
(использование will/shall 2).
See Unit 23. I will and I'm going to
(использование I will и I'm going to).

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Unit 21. Will/shall 1 (использование will/shall 1)

Unit 21. Will/shall 1
(использование will/shall 1)