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Unit 39. If I had known … I wish I had known …
(использование оборотов If I had known … и I wish I had known …)
Study this example situation:
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When you are talking about the past, you use if + had ('d)… (if I had known/been/done etc.):
- I didn't see you when you passed me in the street. If I'd seen you, of course I would have said hello. (but I didn't see you)
- I decided to stay at home last night. I would have gone out if I hadn't been so tired. (but I was tired)
- If he had been looking where he was going, he wouldn't have walked into the wall. (but he wasn't looking)
- The view was wonderful. If I'd had a camera, I would have taken some photographs. (but I didn't have a camera)
Compare:
- I'm not hungry. If I was hungry, I would eat something. (now)
- I wasn't hungry. If I had been hungry, I would have eaten something. (past)
Do not use would in the if-part of the sentence. We use would in the other part of the sentence:
- If I had seen you, I would have said hello. (not ‘If I would have seen you’)
Note that 'd can be would or had:
- If I'd seen you. (I'd seen = I had seen)
- I'd have said hello. (I'd have said = I would have said)
We use had (done) in the same way after wish. I wish something had happened = I am sorry that it didn't happen:
- I wish I'd known that Gary was ill. I would have gone to see him. (but I didn't know)
- I feel sick. I wish I hadn't eaten so much cake. (I ate too much cake)
- Do you wish you had studied science instead of languages? (you didn't study science)
- The weather was cold while we were away. I wish it had been warmer.
Do not use would have… after wish in these sentences:
- I wish it had been warmer. (not ‘I wish it would have been’)
Compare would (do) and would have (done):
- If I had gone to the party last night, I would be tired now. (I am not tired now - present)
- If I had gone to the party last night, I would have met lots of people. (I didn't meet lots of people - past)
Compare would have, could have and might have:
| If the weather hadn't been so bad |  |
we would have gone out. we could have gone out. (= we would have been able to go out) we might have gone out. (= perhaps we would have gone out) |
See Unit 15 Past Perfect (I have done)
(прошедшее совершенное время)
See Unit 37 If I do … and If I did …
(использование оборотов If I do … и If I did …)
See Unit 38 If I knew … I wish I knew …
(использование оборотов If I knew … и I wish I knew …)
